Electric lamp



Jufiy 24, E9280 3,678,606

I G. c. SINGER ELECTRIC LAMP Filed April 1, 1925 2 sneets sneet. l

WITNESSES INVENTOR Oral u (L 49Lrz/yeJ ATTORNEYS July 24, E 2& 1,678,696 G. c. SHNGER ELECTRIC LAMP Filed April 1, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 w. W Grok e7 C. Sir

ATTORNEYS Paenaa July 24, 1928:

' UNITED STATES onovnn cnmmcn smenn, or omann, INDIANA.

ELECTRIC LAMP.

Application filed April 1, 1925- Serial No. 19,927.

My invention relates to improvements in electric incandescent lamps, and it consists in the combinations,constructions and arrangements herein described and claimed An object of the invention is-to provide a lamp which will be effective to cause relatively good illumination without undue current consumption and which will last a relatively long time in service.

A further object of the invention is the provision in an electric incandescent lamp of reflector means for directing the rays of light from a lamp filament, as desired.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description, considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical sec tion through a lamp embodying the invention Figure 2 is a section along the line 22 of Figure 1,

Figure 3 is a sectional view similar to Figure 2, showing a modified form of lamp,

Figure 4 is a view similar to Figures 2 and 3, showing another modified form of lamp,

Figure 5 is a view mainly in side elevation of another modified form of lamp, with portions of the lamp bulb broken away and other portions shown in section,

Figure 6 is a view similar to Figure 5, showing another modified form of lamp,

Figure 7 is a view similar to Figures 5 and 6 showing another modified form of lamp,

Flgures 8 and 9 are longitudinal vertical sections through other modified forms of lamp embodying the invention, and

Figure 10 is a view mainly in vertical section and partly in side elevation showing still another modified form of lamp embodying the invention.

Referring nowto the drawings, and particularly to Figure 1, I show a lamp which comprises a lamp bulb land a lamp base indicated generally at 2. The lamp base comprises a metallic screw sleeve contact having a relatively large inner end portion 3 in which the rim end portion of the bulb 1 fits. A suitable cementitious material, such as wax, may be used to secure the rim end portion of the bulb 1 in the screw sleeve 3, as indicated at 4, so that the wax can be removed and the bulb separated from the sleeve for a purpose w 10h Will be presently stated.

The outer end portion of the sleeve is reduced as indicated at 5 and is adapted by also being screw threaded to be attached to an ordinary socket, not shown, for connecting the conducting elements of the lamp with a source of electric current supply, the reduced portion of the sleeve being merged into the larger inner end portion by a shoulder, indicated at 6. The reduced end portion 5 of the metallic sleeve has an inwardly extending annular flange 7 at its outer end to which a contact 8 at the end of the lamp base is secured by a suitable plastic insulating material such as plaster of Paris, indicated at 9. The mass of plaster of Paris 9 also serves to hold a main electrical conductor 10 which extends through the flange 7 centrally of the lamp base and bulb 1n spaced relation to the flange 7. The electrical conductor 10 is secured at its outer end to the contact 8 and extends through an elongated tubular reflector 11 which is closed at its free end as indicated at 12 and has the open end portion thereof secured in the lamp base, as by 'means of cementitious material 13 arranged between the open end portion of the reflector 11 and the sleeve 3- 6-5. The end 12 of the reflector 11 may be convexly curved as shown, and is provided with a central opening through which the conductor 10 extends, said conductor being bent between the end 12 of the reflector and the end of the lamp bulb into ring shape as indicated at 14. The second conductor of the lamp is indicated at 15, and is secured at one end to the sleeve contact 365, as V by means of the cementitious material 13. This second conductor extends within the lamp bulb between the bulb and the reflector and is fashioned to provide a ring portion 16 which encircles the reflector 11 and is held in spaced concentric relation to the latter by the rigidity of the conductor 15 and by supporting member 17, each of which is engaged at one end with the ring 16 and has the other end thereof fast in the cementitious material 13, the supporting member 17 being disposed at the side of the reflector l1 opposite to the conductor 15. A plurality of filaments 18 extend between the ring portions 14: and 16 of the two main conductors of the lamp. These filaments 18 thus are held spaced from the reflector 11 and extend in parallel relation to the longitudinal axis of the reflector, the respective filaments 18 being spaced circumferentially. of the reflector.

From the foregoing description of the various parts of the device, the operation thereof may be readily understood. The reflector 11 may be made of any suitable material such as glass, provided with a coating of quick-silver on its inner wall, or metal having a highly polished external surface. In' order to avoid short circuiting between the two leads through the silvering, the coating of the reflector is removed for a short distance around the lead entrances. It will be manifest that the rays of light resulting from the heating of the filaments 18 to incandescence when the lamp base is engaged with the socket of an electric outlet will be projected in all directions and particularly outward from the reflector and that the lamp will have a relatively high lighting ciiieiency. In the eventthat one of the filaments should be broken, the lamp circuit will not be completely broken. but current will continue to flow through the remaining filaments so that the lamp will give out light until all the filaments shall have been broken. The lamp therefore will last a relatively long time in service. Moreover, the wax 4 can be removed when the filaments have been broken to permit separation of the bulb 1 from the lamp base and the broken filaments can be replaced. The bulb 1 then can be secured to the lamp base again in the manner which has been described in the foregoing and the lamp then will be ready for further use.

In Figure 3 the reflector of the lamp has the portion 20 thereof which protrudes from the lamp base within the bulb formed to provide a plurality of concavely curved faces 21 which extend longitudinally of the reflector and are spaced circumferentially of the reflector. The end portion of the reflector which is secured in the lamp base is indicated at 22 and may be circular in cross sectional contour and otherwise similar to the corresponding end portion of the hereinbefore described reflector 11. The remaining parts of the lamp exhibited in Figure 3 are identical with corresponding parts of the lamp exhibited in Figures 1 and 2, and have been indicated by the same reference characters.

The form of the lamp exhibited in Figure 4 diflers from the form of the lamp exhibited in Figures 1 and 3 only in that the reflector has the outer end portion thereof, indicated at 23, fashioned to provide a pair of opposite concavely curved faces 24 and a pair of opposite convexl curved faces 25. The portion of the re ector that is secured in the lamp base may be similar to the corresponding portions of the reflectors shown in Figures 1 and 3. T he lamp filaments of the form of the device shown in Figure 4 are indicated at 27 and extend longitudinally of the lamp within the concavities which result from the provision of the concavely curved faces 24. The rays of light will be projected outward and caused to diverge by the concavely curved faces 24 of the reflector.

In the form of lamp shown in Figure 5, the reflector body is designated at 28, and is secured at one end in the lamp base in the manner hereinbefore described. The free end portion of the reflector body is extended at one side, as indicated at 29 so that the rim of the reflector body lies in a plane which extends obliquely to the direction of length of the reflector body. The reflector body has a re-cntrant portion 30 having the general shape of a parabola in which the filaments 31 are supported by means of the main conductors 32 and 33 respectively. The main conductor extends through the. wall of the re-entrant portion 30 for connection with the filaments and leads through the lamp base to the contact 8. The main conductor 33 is connected at one end to the filaments 31 and extends through the reentrant portion 30 and the body of the reflector into the lamp base and is connected to the sleeve contact. The lamp bulb of the form of the device exhibited in Figure 5 is designated at 34 and has the free end portion thereof thickened to provide a lens 35 which cooperates with the re-entrant portion 30 of the reflector to direct the rays of light from, the filaments 31 in a desirable manner. The lens 35 is shown as having a convexly curved outer face and a substantially flat inner face. This lens therefore is adapted to concentrate rays of light passing therethrough from the reflector 30 so that a place of restricted area can be illuminated by means of the lamp to a relatively high degree.

The form of the lamp exhibited in Figure 6 has a reflector indicated at 40 which is attached at one end to the lamp base and is supported within the lamp bulb in the manner hereinbefore described. The lower portion of the reflector is substantially globular as indicated at 41 and tapers at its free end as shown. The main conductors 42 and 43 are formed to provide filament portions 44 and 45 respectively which extend spirally around the tapering free end portion of the reflector and are connected at the end of the reflector by a substantially U-shaped filament indicated at 46. Rays of light from the filaments 44, 45 and 46 will be directed outwardly and forwardly from the lam The form of lamp shown in Figure 7 has a reflector body 50 secured at one end to the lamp base and provided at its rim or free end with a re-entrant portion 51 which the lamp filament 52 is disposed. A main The re-entrant portion 51 is substantially parabolic in shape and-differs from the form of reflector shown in Figure 5 principally in that the re-entrant portion 51 terminates at its juncture-with the rim end of the body of the reflector-in a plane which extends at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the I lamp instead of obliquely to such longitudinal axis as in the case of the re-entrant portion 30 of the reflector 28.

The lamp shown in Figure 8 has a bulb 60 secured to a lamp base 61 in any suitable known manner, pre erably detachably as by means such as described as being comprised in the form of the device exhibited in Figure 1. A concavo-convex reflector 62 fits in the inner end portion of the bulb 60. The lamp has a filament 63 supported within the reflector 62 centrally thereof by the main conductors 64and 65. The outer end portion of the lamp1 bulb is thickened to provide a lens 66 whic has a convexl curved outer face and a flat inner face 6 The outer wall of the portion of the lamp bulb that extends from the plane of the rim] of the reflector 62 to the plane of the inner face of the lens 66 is covered with a suitable substance such as quick-s lver as indicated at 68, so that such portion of the lam bulb cooperates with the reflector 62 to irect all] ra s of light from the filament 63 through t e lens 66,

whereby such ra sof li ht will be concentrated and there ore can projected a relatively great distance to eflect illumination of a placeof small area as in the manner of a spot light.

The form of the device exhibitedin Fig-v life 9 differs from that shown in Figure 8 rincipally in that the reflector 70 of the erm of the device shown in Figure 9 extends within the lamp bulb 6O forwardly of the lamp filament 63 a reater distance than the reflector 62 exten forwardly of the lamp filament 63.

In the form of the lamp shown in Figure 10, the reflector is indicated at 80 and extends in the bulb 81 of the lamp from the relatively small or neck portion 82 of the lamp bulb approximately half the distance to the outer end of the lamp bulb. The lamp filament 85 is supported within the reflector 80 by the mainconductors 86 and 87 respectively, and the outer face of the bulb 81 is convexl curved as in the forms of the device shown in Figures 8 and 9.

It will be observed that in each of the forms of the device, means is provided for light within the lamp in a desirable manner so that none of such rays of light will be dissipated and wasted, but all rays of light will be used to effect a desirable illumination. The forms of the lamp exhibted in Figures 5 and 7 to -10 inclusive arethought to be particularly well adapted for use in the manner of the head lamps of an automobile or like vehicle.

Obviously, my invention is susceptible of embodiment in forms other than those which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and I therefore consider as my own all such modifications and adaptations thereof as fairly fall within the scope of the appended claim.

I claim l The combination" with an incandescent lamp bulb, of a small deep concave reflector within the bulb but separate therefrom, the outer wall of'the bulb having a coating of silver extending beyond the edge of the inner reflector for cooperatingwith the inner reflector to reflect the rays of light from the lamp in the manner of a spot light, whereby the rays of li ht will illuminate a s ace of relatively sli t area at a considera le distance from the lam GROVER CL ARANCE SINGER.

rays of light from the source of 

